Established model

Tufte’s data–ink ratio

Edward R. Tufte · 1983

Most of the ink in a graphic should be showing data, and the rest is usually in the way.

Its place in the frameworkData CoreReporting

What it does

Part of a broader argument that graphical excellence is telling the truth about numbers with the least distortion. Its practical instructions are unusually concrete — remove the decoration, remove the redundancy, and above all do not let a chart imply a relationship the data does not contain.

Reach for it when
On any recurring report, where a small improvement is paid back every week.
Where it stops
Taken to its conclusion it produces charts that are austere to the point of being hard to read, and later research suggests some decoration aids memory. It is a corrective, not a rule.

Edward R. Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Graphics Press, 1983.

Why it sits at Reporting

The machinery that gets numbers from data to a reader: what is produced, in what form, how it reaches people, and whether any of it is actually read.

A model is only useful when you reach for it at the right moment. This one answers a question that arises here — so it is filed here, and nowhere else. These are the working areas it serves:

All of Reporting

What it touches elsewhere

Nothing in a business is decided on its own. A conclusion reached with this model at Reporting lands in these other cores, whether or not anyone follows it there.

Filed at the same place

These answer questions that arise at Reporting too. Where they disagree with this one, the disagreement is the useful part.

Elsewhere in Data Core

These are other people’s models, named here so you can go to the source and use them properly. The Omnigoal is not affiliated with their authors and is not endorsed by them; nothing of theirs is reproduced here — no canvas, no diagram, no wording. Each is described in our own words, with the originator credited, because the framework is a place to put thinking, not a replacement for the people who did it. Model names and trademarks belong to their respective owners and are used here only to refer to the work itself.

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