Business Core · Governance · Module

Succession and exit

Who takes over the leadership and the ownership when the current holders step back, and by which routes the owners could leave if they chose to.

The idea

How it works

Succession has two parts that are often run together. Leadership succession asks who will run or chair the business; ownership succession asks who will own it. In a founder-led or family firm one person frequently holds both roles, and the two transfers then have to be planned together even if they happen years apart. Succession for roles below the executive team is workforce planning and belongs to HR.

Exit is the owners’ side of the same question. A trade sale, a management buyout, an employee ownership trust, a listing or a transfer to the next generation each need different preparation, and several of them close if left too late — a buyer wants a business that runs without its founder, which takes years to build. The work here is to know which routes are open and what keeps them open, long before any of them is taken.

Working with it

In practice

  1. 01

    Name an emergency successor now

    For the chief executive and the chair: who steps in tomorrow if needed. This is separate from the long-term plan and more often missing.

  2. 02

    Separate the two transfers

    Plan who will lead and who will own as distinct questions, even where one person holds both today.

  3. 03

    Ask the next generation early

    In family firms, whether the next generation wants the business, and on what terms, is worth asking long before anyone is expected to answer.

  4. 04

    Review the exit routes each year

    Which are realistic, what each requires, and what would close them. A route nobody has examined may already be closed.

One level in

The components of succession and exit

A component is something that exists afterwards which did not exist before — a deliverable or a mechanism, not an intention.

  1. Leadership succession plan

    Named emergency and longer-term successors for the chief executive, the chair and other roles the board holds itself responsible for.

    Learn
  2. Ownership transition plan

    How ownership passes to its next holders — family, managers, employees or a buyer — with the timing, valuation and financing that shape it.

    Learn
  3. Exit options review

    The routes by which the owners could leave, what each would require, and what is being done to keep the preferred ones open.

    Learn

A business that cannot run for a month without its founder has fewer exit routes than its owners tend to assume.